s***@neuf.fr
2007-06-07 02:32:33 UTC
brought to you courtesy of Sir Jean-Paul Turcaud
... and this is an hopeful note that large chunks of australia (LOB)
coastline will disappear, including Sydney, Perth, Adelaïde, the De
Grey River becoming an arm of the sea and Telfer Mine, of the Mining
Criminals ' fame, becoming a sea harbour replacing Fremantle ( and
inheriting hence that big slimy whore & former WA Whorehouse
Premier )
Of course new free energy techniques, I have well understood indeed,
and derived from most simple practical application of the UPL
( Universal Pressure Law ) must be kept in stock until the LOB
bites
the dirt
Hence the Global Warming trend must not be curbed indeed.
Please read on now.
************************
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6727543.stm
BBC UK
ANTARCTIC GLACIERS FLOW FASTER
The satellites tracked the movements of over 300 glaciers
Satellite data confirms glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula are
flowing faster.
British Antarctic Survey (BAS) scientists used Europe's ERS-1 and -2
spacecraft to track the flow rate of over 300 "ice rivers".
They found a 12% increase in the speed of the glaciers over the
period
from 1993 to 2003.
The team, which reports its work in the Journal of Geophysical
Research, says the study will inform estimates of future sea level
rise.
The BAS scientists calculate this group of glaciers alone is
currently
contributing about 0.047mm a year to global ocean height.
"The Antarctic Peninsula has experienced some of the fastest warming
on Earth, nearly 3C over the last half-century," explained lead
author
Dr Hamish Pritchard.
"Eighty-seven percent of its glaciers have been retreating during
this
period and now we see these glaciers are also speeding up."
Building knowledge
The new study builds on earlier work by BAS published in 2005.
This used more than 2,000 aerial photographs dating from 1940, and
over 100 satellite images from the 1960s onwards, to assess the
change
in position of glacier fronts over time.
The study found the vast majority of the ice bodies to be in retreat.
EUROPE'S ERS SPACE MISSION
"The work we reported on a few years ago was only half the story,"
co-
author Professor David Vaughan told BBC News recently.
"Most of what was retreating was already floating so there was no
sea-
level estimation from that. We've now done the study of the same
batch
of glaciers to ask if they are accelerating - are they taking more
snow into the ocean? And the answer is yes."
The latest work underlines the importance of the different ways in
which ice can respond to climate change in addition to simply melting
in warmer air.
The new data would seem to indicate that the cause of the flow-rate
increase is the result of melting of the lower glaciers, which flow
directly into the sea. As they thin, the buoyancy of the ice can lift
the glaciers off their rock beds, allowing them to slide faster.
"This turns into a positive loop," explained Dr Pritchard. "They thin
a bit, and they flow faster because of that; and then because they
are
flowing faster, they discharge more ice; and that just makes them
thin
more and flow faster again - so they get into a cycle."
Dynamic contribution
In its recent projections of future sea level rise, the International
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) forecasted an increase this century in
the range of 18-59cm (7-23in).
The numbers excluded the additional contributions that may come from
the type of dynamical ice flow processes seen in the Antarctic
Peninsula's glaciers.
It was felt these processes were still too poorly understood; but
knowledge is growing fast, say scientists.
If more landed ice gets into the oceans, sea levels will rise
The BAS work has echoes in Greenland where surface melt waters are
thought to be draining to the underside of landed ice, lubricating
its
movement towards the ocean.
And elsewhere on the Antarctic Peninsula, too, it has been shown that
the removal of floating ice shelves will speed up the flow into the
ocean of the previously bounded ice streams behind.
When all these positive accelerations are taken into account, they
are
almost certain to make the current IPCC estimates look conservative.
"Observations like ours will feed into the modelling and better
predictions will come out. But what the study shows is that the
dynamic effects are happening and on quite a large scale. They are a
factor already and are only likely to be more of a factor in the
future," Dr Pritchard said.
Recent satellite altimetry studies have shown global sea levels to be
rising by about 3mm a year. Some 50% of this is probably the result
of
the expansion of waters as they react to a warmer climate.
... and this is an hopeful note that large chunks of australia (LOB)
coastline will disappear, including Sydney, Perth, Adelaïde, the De
Grey River becoming an arm of the sea and Telfer Mine, of the Mining
Criminals ' fame, becoming a sea harbour replacing Fremantle ( and
inheriting hence that big slimy whore & former WA Whorehouse
Premier )
Of course new free energy techniques, I have well understood indeed,
and derived from most simple practical application of the UPL
( Universal Pressure Law ) must be kept in stock until the LOB
bites
the dirt
Hence the Global Warming trend must not be curbed indeed.
Please read on now.
************************
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6727543.stm
BBC UK
ANTARCTIC GLACIERS FLOW FASTER
The satellites tracked the movements of over 300 glaciers
Satellite data confirms glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula are
flowing faster.
British Antarctic Survey (BAS) scientists used Europe's ERS-1 and -2
spacecraft to track the flow rate of over 300 "ice rivers".
They found a 12% increase in the speed of the glaciers over the
period
from 1993 to 2003.
The team, which reports its work in the Journal of Geophysical
Research, says the study will inform estimates of future sea level
rise.
The BAS scientists calculate this group of glaciers alone is
currently
contributing about 0.047mm a year to global ocean height.
"The Antarctic Peninsula has experienced some of the fastest warming
on Earth, nearly 3C over the last half-century," explained lead
author
Dr Hamish Pritchard.
"Eighty-seven percent of its glaciers have been retreating during
this
period and now we see these glaciers are also speeding up."
Building knowledge
The new study builds on earlier work by BAS published in 2005.
This used more than 2,000 aerial photographs dating from 1940, and
over 100 satellite images from the 1960s onwards, to assess the
change
in position of glacier fronts over time.
The study found the vast majority of the ice bodies to be in retreat.
EUROPE'S ERS SPACE MISSION
"The work we reported on a few years ago was only half the story,"
co-
author Professor David Vaughan told BBC News recently.
"Most of what was retreating was already floating so there was no
sea-
level estimation from that. We've now done the study of the same
batch
of glaciers to ask if they are accelerating - are they taking more
snow into the ocean? And the answer is yes."
The latest work underlines the importance of the different ways in
which ice can respond to climate change in addition to simply melting
in warmer air.
The new data would seem to indicate that the cause of the flow-rate
increase is the result of melting of the lower glaciers, which flow
directly into the sea. As they thin, the buoyancy of the ice can lift
the glaciers off their rock beds, allowing them to slide faster.
"This turns into a positive loop," explained Dr Pritchard. "They thin
a bit, and they flow faster because of that; and then because they
are
flowing faster, they discharge more ice; and that just makes them
thin
more and flow faster again - so they get into a cycle."
Dynamic contribution
In its recent projections of future sea level rise, the International
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) forecasted an increase this century in
the range of 18-59cm (7-23in).
The numbers excluded the additional contributions that may come from
the type of dynamical ice flow processes seen in the Antarctic
Peninsula's glaciers.
It was felt these processes were still too poorly understood; but
knowledge is growing fast, say scientists.
If more landed ice gets into the oceans, sea levels will rise
The BAS work has echoes in Greenland where surface melt waters are
thought to be draining to the underside of landed ice, lubricating
its
movement towards the ocean.
And elsewhere on the Antarctic Peninsula, too, it has been shown that
the removal of floating ice shelves will speed up the flow into the
ocean of the previously bounded ice streams behind.
When all these positive accelerations are taken into account, they
are
almost certain to make the current IPCC estimates look conservative.
"Observations like ours will feed into the modelling and better
predictions will come out. But what the study shows is that the
dynamic effects are happening and on quite a large scale. They are a
factor already and are only likely to be more of a factor in the
future," Dr Pritchard said.
Recent satellite altimetry studies have shown global sea levels to be
rising by about 3mm a year. Some 50% of this is probably the result
of
the expansion of waters as they react to a warmer climate.